Preheat the oven to 400°F. Generously season salmon with salt and refrigerate until chilled, about 15 minutes.
In a large skillet over medium heat, heat olive oil. Add onion, garlic, and a generous pinch of salt; cook until the onion is translucent.
Add spinach and stir until wilted. Stir in cream cheese, Parmesan, and dill; cook until melted and combined.
Stir in half the panko and cook until the mixture thickens; season with salt and pepper.
Rinse salmon under cold water, pat dry, and place on a sheet of puff pastry.
Spoon spinach mixture over salmon, ensuring it stays in the center. Sprinkle the remaining panko over the spinach.
Fold edges of dough over salmon, flip seam side down, and transfer to a parchment-lined baking sheet.
Brush all over with egg wash, then score the top of the dough.
Bake until the pastry is golden brown and an instant-read thermometer inserted into the salmon registers 140°F (60°C), 25 to 35 minutes.
Transfer salmon to a platter and slice.